This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1893 edition. Excerpt: ... CHAPTER IV. The Pima Indians, Their Manners And Customs, By Rev. Isaac T. Whittemore. Many years ago, tradition gives it 350, the Pimas, Papagoes, Qua-hadtks, Jofe-qua-atams (Rabbit-eaters) and other branches, all designated by the common Indian name, Aw-awtam, came here from the east, driving away the inhabitants, supposed to have been the Zunis' or Moquis', and took possession of the country. The Pimas then were very numerous and occupied all the country, including the present Sacaton reservation and the Salt river valley, where Phosnix, the capital, temple and other places are now. For some reason, a part of the tribe, since called Towana-aw-aw-tem (Papagoes) settled on the desert of southwestern Arizona; only the Pima's remained in the Gila valley. The Papagoes hunted the mountain sheep and deer, and lived where they could raise crops when the spring or summer rains were difficult for that purpose. Why they left is unknown, probably because a branch of the Apaches who were war-like, lived just across the Gila, on the north. Only the Pimas remain in the Gila valley. A little over 100 years ago, nearly all the Pima Indians, numbering about 4,000, resided within a radius of about seven miles of what is now called Casa-Blanca, (white house), twenty five miles west of the Ruin of Casa-Grande, in seven villages, or eleven miles west of the agency. Here they raised cotton, corn, melons and pumpkins and a small round seed which they ground and boiled as mush. Their mill was a stone twenty inches long, one foot wide, hollowed out a little, and an upper stone, ten or twelve inches long, weighing fifteen or twenty pounds. The squaws did all the grinding by rubbing the upper stone on the seed in the hollow of "the nether mill-stone." The cotton...
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