From Kirkus Reviews:
A timely look at nationalism, a phenomenon more often noted than analyzed, by Pfaff (Barbarian Sentiments, 1989, etc.), longtime political commentator for The New Yorker, The International Herald Tribune, and The Los Angeles Times. Pfaff believes that nationalism has been the most powerful force of the 20th century--and that it will probably remain so in the 21st. In his judgment, nationalism destroyed Nazism and Communism, as well as imperialism and the colonial system. Yet nationalism is a comparatively modern phenomenon; the original nations were dynastic, with no ethnic base. Indeed, Pfaff points out, the process by which nations have evolved appears almost accidental, and, while nationalism now seems almost a primordial force, it was in fact the product of the European Romanticism of the 19th century. Surprisingly, the author sees little nationalism in the conventional political sense at work in Asia, Africa, or the Middle East. In Asia, it's the continuity of non-Western civilization that dominates, while in Africa, local and tribal loyalty holds sway. Meanwhile, the nations of the Middle East lack historical roots, and Islamic fundamentalism has triumphed, at least in part, because of the very failure of secular nationalism. Pfaff sees a threat in such fundamentalism, though he does not see it as expansionist; but he's most concerned about the failure of the European Community to deal with the ethnic nationalism manifesting in the former Yugoslavia. The author regards the bloody combat there as a crucial blow to the ideals and accomplishments of liberal internationalism, including the UN. Throughout, Pfaff is persuasive, with the lone and curious exception of his consideration of the US itself--where, he says, the South has ``now mostly gone Snopes, to beer and a money-making vulgar patriotism.'' Urbane and intelligent: a useful analysis of a rapidly changing phenomenon. -- Copyright ©1993, Kirkus Associates, LP. All rights reserved.
From Booklist:
Nationalism was originally a liberal force released by the French Revolution. No empire--dynastic, nationalistic (British and French), fascistic, or communistic--has stood up to it. If Woodrow Wilson's ideals tried to codify its progressive origins and closet it within international diplomatic organizations, the bitter failure of that attempt--seen in Nazi Germany's rampages and now in the bloodbath in the South Slav state that Wilson's experts designed--has called forth many able commentators to interpret such elemental force. Pfaff's writings, including Barbarian Sentiments (1989), have earned him a reputation as an astute, historically steeped columnist concerned with nationalism's origins, its many faces--and, sometimes, its fanatical forms. From his expatriate perch in Paris, Pfaff delivers the global view, covering Islamic nationalism's, origins in the conflicts between the Ottoman Empire and the West; the legacy of the Hapsburg Empire; America's unique brand of national self-esteem; and the faint imitations of the nation-state found in Africa and on the periphery of China and Japan. Although Pfaff is coy on predictions, his cosmopolitan conciseness merits wide attention, especially as this essay leaves the reader with quasi-apocalyptic expectations for the future. Gilbert Taylor
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